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Allogeneic PRP vs autologous PRP
While autologous PRP has been widely used and has demonstrated safety and effectiveness in the treatment of various wounds and soft tissue injuries, it has some limitations. One of the primary limitations of autologous PRP is that it requires the harvesting of a patient’s own blood, which is not feasible or safe in all cases. For example, elderly patients, neonates, or individuals unable to donate large quantities of blood may not be able to undergo the procedure. Additionally, the quality and quantity of platelets obtained from a patient’s own blood can vary depending on factors such as age, health status, and medication use.
Allogeneic PRP, on the other hand, is obtained from a donor and can be used as an off-the-shelf therapy for wound repair and musculoskeletal injuries. This eliminates the need for blood harvesting from the patient, making it a more convenient and feasible option for a broader range of patients. Additionally, allogeneic PRP can provide a more standardized and consistent product, as the platelet concentration and quality can be controlled during the manufacturing process.
Furthermore, allogeneic PRP can provide greater amounts of platelet-derived bioactive factors, including growth factors and cytokines, which can promote tissue repair and regeneration. This is because allogeneic PRP is often prepared from a pool of
donors, allowing for a higher concentration of platelets and bioactive factors to be obtained than can be possible with autologous PRP. In addition, allogeneic PRP contains a more diverse array of bioactive factors, as different donors have variations in their platelet composition.
Allogeneic PRP is less costly and time-consuming than autologous PRP, as it eliminates the need for blood harvesting and processing from the patient. This makes the treatment more accessible to patients and healthcare providers.
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Sourcing and Preparation
Allogeneic PRP has been shown to be a safe option. Allogeneic PRP offers the benefit of being collected from voluntary blood donors, with its derivatives ready for use without requiring clinicians to collect a sample from the patient. This is particularly useful in clinical situations such as acute burns when patients may be fluid-depleted and thrombocytopenic. However, PRP preparation is contraindicated in patients with haematological disorders, sepsis, or infection, and relative contraindications include the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroids, tobacco use, malignancies, and anaemia.
The preparation of PRP involves various protocols that describe the speed, time, temperature of centrifugation, and type of anticoagulant used. These variations affect the yield of bioactive material and make it difficult to compare the efficacy of PRP. The most common PRP preparation method involves taking a whole blood sample through venipuncture into a container coated with citrate anticoagulant. The centrifuge settings impact the concentration of platelets, which remains widely variable in clinical studies, without a clear consensus on an optimal regime for maximizing platelet yield. Different classes of PRP are available, and a multi-disciplinary consensus conference published 4 main families of preparations depending on their leukocyte and fibrin content. An improved classification system has also been suggested to facilitate the comparison of clinical studies and promote further progression in its application in the regenerative medicine field.
Safety and Efficacy
Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of Allogeneic PRP Therapy in treating a wide range of conditions
Allogeneic PRP possesses beneficial effects against cognitive aging and it can be used as a novel self-sourced treatment in age-related cognitive decline.
PRP treatment ameliorates skin photoaging through regulation of MMP-1, tyrosinase, fibrillin and tropoelastin expression.
Use of allogeneic PRP shows promise for the treatment of bone defect with negligible immunogenicity, great healing efficacy, potentially more consistent quality, and no additional health burden to patients.
PRP significantly improved wound healing in chronic diabetic ulcers, venous ulcers, pressure ulcers, leprosy ulcers, acute traumatic wounds, and ulcers of multifactorial etiologies.
PRP injection is a safe and effective treatment for RC cuff injury in patients who have failed conservative treatment.
The use of allogenic PRP provides a feasible, effective, and safe biological therapy as an off-the-shelf solution for diabetic lower extremity ulcers.
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